14:英検対策2級(Eiken Grade 2)

08: Eiken Grade 2 Vocabularies Lesson 8

Part 1: Vocabulary words

1. Temporary adjective [tem-puh-rer-ee]

lasting, existing, or effective for a limited time only

◼ Example: This building will be a temporary shelter for the typhoon victims.
◻ Note: This word can also be used as a noun which means a worker employed on a temporary basis.

2. Casual adjective [kazh-oo-uhl]

without any formality or ceremony; relaxed; without serious intention

◼ Example: I attended a casual dinner with my colleagues.
something that happened by chance

◻ Example: I didn’t expect that after such a long time, I would have a casual talk with him.
having little concern or interest

◻ Example: Ronnie was so excited to show his new bike to his friend, but his friend just gave it a casual look.
◻ Note: ‘Casual’ can also mean an occasional worker.

3. Primitive adjective [prim-i-tiv]

relating to or the first or earliest of the kind or in existence; uncivilized

◼ Example: Nowadays, primitive ways of punishing people are considered barbaric.
primary; basic; simple and crude

◼ Example: They lost the battle because of their primitive weapons.
◼ Note: Tell me something about the primitive ways of your country.

4. Reliable adjective [ri-lahy-uh-buhl]

dependable; dependable in accuracy and honesty; achieving compatible results

◼ Example: The data that we gathered are totally reliable.
◼ Example: She’s one of the most reliable journalists in the industry.
◼ Note: Who is the most reliable person you know?

5. Artificial adjective [ahr-tuh-fish-uhl]

produced by human skills; not natural; imitation

◼ Example: We have an artificial fishpond in our garden.
with lots of affectation

◼ Example: People were totally deceived by his artificial speech.
◼ Note: What do you think of artificial flavorings?

6. Criminal noun [krim-uh-nl]

one who is guilty or convicted of a crime

◼ Example: There are many criminals roaming around the streets.
adjective
involving crime or having the nature of crime

◼ Example: His lawyer should really look into criminal law.
◼ Note: Who are considered criminals?

7. Either adjective [ee-ther, ahy-ther]

any one of the two; one or the other of two

◼ Example: You may join either team.
pertaining to one and the other

◼ Example: There are flags on either side of the wall.
pronoun
can be one or the other

◼ Example: Take your pick. Either of the shirts will surely suit me.
◼ Note: As a conjunction, ‘either‘ should be used before the first of two or more coordinates as in: Either you confess now or be guilty forever.

8. Rural adjective [roor-uhl]

having the characteristics of the country, country life or country people

◼ Example: I miss the rural life: peaceful, quiet and slow.
◼ Note: The opposite of ‘rural’ is ‘urban’.

9. Second-hand adjective [sek-uhnd-hand]

known from books or obtained from others; indirectly experienced; borrowed or derived from another

◼ Example: Most of the things we know are second-hand
previously owned or used by someone else

◼ Example: I usually buy second-hand books because they are a lot cheaper.
◼ Note: This word can also be used as an adverb. Some examples are: We got our car secondhand. We heard the big news secondhand.

10. Typical adjective [tip-i-kuhl]

having the qualities or characteristics that represent a category, class , group, or kind

◼ Example: Her way of dressing up is very typical of that of the elites.
◼ Note: What are some typical characteristics that teenagers have?

Part 2: Exercise 1

Give the word being asked for each number.

◼ temporary

◼ reliable

◼ casual

◼ artificial

◼ criminal

◼ primitive

◼ either

◼ secondhand

◼ rural

◼ typical

_________________ 1. known from books or obtained from others; indirectly experienced; borrowed or derived from another

_________________ 2. one who is guilty or convicted of a crime

_________________ 3. without any formality or ceremony; relaxed; without serious intention

_________________ 4. having the qualities or characteristics that represent a category, class , group, or kind

_________________ 5. any one of the two; one or the other of two

_________________ 6. dependable; dependable in accuracy and honesty; achieving compatible results

_________________ 7. produced by human skills; not natural; imitation

_________________ 8. having the characteristics of the country, country life or country people

_________________ 9. lasting, existing, or effective for a limited time only

_________________ 10. relating to or the first or earliest of the kind or in existence; uncivilized

Part 2: Exercise 2

Choose the correct words to complete the sentences below.


1) Nothing in this world lasts forever. Everything is __________.

a. artificial

b. temporary

c. permanent

d. everlasting

2) This survey is completely_________. All areas showed the same results.

a. typical

b. reliable

c. undependable

d. inconsistent

3) Some scientists are already working on ____________ brain. They have already made an almost exact copy of a rat’s brain.

a. a natural

b. a plastic

c. an artificial

d. a model

4) Demi was so happy to have bought a ______________ car, because even though it’s already used, she doesn’t have any problems with it.

a. secondhand

b. artificial

c. top of the line

d. luxurious

5) Even though a big part of the town is already civilized, some communities were still able to preserve their _____________ ceremonies and rituals.

a. contemporary

b. primitive

c. modern

d. embryonic