16：英検対策準1級（Eiken Grade Pre-1）

11: Eiken Grade Pre-1 Vocabularies Lesson 11

Part 1: Vocabulary words

1. medieval adjective (mee-dee-ee-vuhl, med-ee-, mid-ee-,mid-ee-vuhl)

of, pertaining to, characteristic of, or in the style of the Middle Ages

◼ Example: Medieval potteries were excavated by some archaeologists and are now being exhibited to the public.
◻ Note: Informally, the word medieval means extremely old-fashioned, or primitive. (e.g. She wore medieval clothes inappropriate for her daughter's debut party).

2. devoted adjective (dih-voh-tid)

zealous or intense in attachment, loyalty, or affection

◼ Example: Though devoted to her work, she makes sure she spends a lot of time bonding with her family everyday.
◻ Note: How devoted are you to your work? How about to your family?

3. outdated adjective (out-dey-tid)

no longer in use or fashionable

◼ Example: The politician thinks that the constitution is already outdated since some laws no longer apply to current situations.
◻ Note: This comes from the words out (used as prefix to mean away from) + dated, hence the meaning out-of-date, or obsolete.

4. arrogant adjective (ar-uh-guhnt)

making claims or pretensions to superior importance or rights

◼ Example: Since he always gets the highest marks, he became arrogant because he believed that nobody could match him.
◻ Note: How would you treat arrogant colleagues/classmates?

5. temporary adjective (tem-puh-rer-ee)

effective for a time only

◼ Example: Attraction is temporary love, but love is permanent attraction.
◻ Note: Which would you rather have, a temporary love with a beautiful/handsome woman/man, or a permanent love with an ugly man/woman?

6. distinct adjective (dih-stingkt)

clear to the senses or intellect; unmistakable

◼ Example: The two major types of diabetes are quite distinct in their origins.
◻ Note: Distinct (something stands out) should not be confused with distinctive, which implies that an attribute or quality makes something recognizable or distinguishable (e.g. The distinctive stripes of the zebra help them evade predators).

7. stern adjective (sturn)

serious or firm in aspect

◼ Example: The manager gave a stern warning to his staff not to be late for their upcoming meeting.
◻ Note: A good synonym for the word stern is strict (e.g. The doctor gave a strict order for his patient not to eat salty and oily foods).

8. legible adjective (lej-uh-buhl)

capable of being read or deciphered, especially with ease, as writing or printing; easily readable

◼ Example: Most of the doctor's writings are not legible enough for the patients to understand.
◻ Note: The word legible comes from the Latin word legibilis , which means that can be read.

9. martial adjective (mahr-shuh l)

of, suitable for, or associated with war or the armed forces

◼ Example: In a country with martial law, most politicians would tend to abuse their powers.
◻ Note: Do you prefer a government with martial law? Why or why not?

10. acid adjective (as-id)

sharp or biting to the taste; tasting like vinegar; sour

◼ Example: Children do not usually like foods with an acid taste.
◻ Note: What are some foods with an acid taste that you like/don't like?

Part 2: Exercise 1

Give the word being asked for each number.

◼ acid

◼ legible

◼ distinct

◼ arrogant

◼ devoted

◼ outdated

◼ stern

◼ temporary

◼ martial

◼ medieval

__________ 1. sharp or biting to the taste; tasting like vinegar; sour

__________ 2. of, pertaining to, characteristic of, or in the style of the Middle Ages

__________ 3. zealous or intense in attachment, loyalty, or affection

__________ 4. of, suitable for, or associated with war or the armed forces

__________ 5. capable of being read or deciphered, especially with ease, as writing or printing; easily readable

__________ 6. no longer in use or fashionable

__________ 7. serious or firm in aspect

__________ 8. making claims or pretensions to superior importance or rights

__________ 9. effective for a time only

__________ 10. clear to the senses or intellect; unmistakable

Part 2: Exercise 2

Choose the correct words to complete the sentences below.

1) The 1964 law on child protection is already _________. The situation in these modern times has drastically changed, thus it also has to be altered to suit current needs to further ensure the safety of kids.

a. Stern

b. Martial

c. Outdated

d. temporary

2) Most lawyers usually have _________ handwriting, as opposed to physicians. This is perhaps because every written statement of lawyers should be clearly understandable so as not to give rise to any conflicts.

a. Medieval

b. Legible

c. Devoted

d. Outdated

3) In _________ times, knights dominated the battlefields in England. They were actually the equivalent of the modern tank. They were heavily armored, which gave them the ability to plow through the soldiers standing in their way.

a. Martial

b. Medieval 　　　　　

c. Arrogant

d. Distinct

4) When the misbehaving public official received a _________ rebuke from the British press, he called for a press conference and defended, or rather justified, his actions.

a. Stern

b. Mainstream

c. Devoted

d. Temporary

5) Hundreds of typhoon victims received ________ shelter, but will soon be included in the government’s housing programs. The program will be helped a lot by the donations that they received from people on different sides of the world.

a. Temporary

b. Arrogant

c. Stern

d. Legible

6) After two decades of being apart from her family, she was finally reunited with them. She was immediately recognized by her mother because of the ___________ birth mark that she has on her face.

a. Distinct

b. Arrogant

c. Devoted

d. Legible

7) Everyone in the team was one in their belief that the leader was so ___________ to assume that the success of the project was due to his hard work and efforts. His insolence and pride demotivated the rest of the team to the point that tasks were done half-heartedly.

a. Martial

b. Arrogant

c. Distinct

d. Stern

8) Mother Teresa was a ___________ philanthropist who dedicated her life to the poorest of the poor and the needy. She cared for the hungry, the naked, the homeless, the crippled, the blind, the lepers, the unwanted, the unloved, the uncared for, and those who had become a burden to the society.

a. Distinct

b. Legible

c. Medieval

d. Devoted

9) Many people suffer from hyperacidity because of excessive intake of oily, spicy and salty foods, foods that have a high ________ content, too much stress and anxiety, as well as addictive consumption of coffee and alcohol.

a. Acid

b. Temporary

c. Stern

d. Martial

10) Men who were classified into the ___________race after the Indian rebellion were known to be very brave, well-built and well-trained and fit for fighting. In their doctrine, these qualities that make a useful soldier are inherited.

a. Arrogant

b. Distinct

c. Outdated

d. Martial