17:英検対策1級(Eiken Grade 1)

21: Eiken Grade 1 Vocabularies Lesson 21

Part 1: Vocabulary words

1. Thwart verb [thwawrt]

to prevent (someone) from doing something or to stop (something) from happening
to run counter to so as to effectively oppose or baffle

◼ Example: We did everything we could to thwart his plan of leaving the country.
◻ Note: Words that mean the opposite are aid, assist, and encourage.

2. Disband verb [dis-band]

to end an organization or group (such as a club)

◼ Example: Due to new school policies, the small organization was disbanded.
◻ Note: The word was known for its first use in the year 1591.

3. Dislodge verb [dis-loj]

to forcefully remove (something or someone) from a place or position

◼ Example: The plan was to dislodge the houses, so that we can begin with the road widening.
◻ Note: The word was known for its first use during the 15th century.

4. Disperse verb [dih-spurs]

to go or move in different directions : to spread apart

◼ Example: The crowd had to disperse quickly as soon as the fire alarm was heard.
◻ Note:
dispersedly - adverb
disperser – noun
dispersible - adjective

5. Eradicate verb [ih-rad-i-keyt]

to remove (something) completely : to eliminate or destroy (something harmful)

◼ Example: Their candidate’s platform includes “how to eradicate poverty”
◻ Note: How do you think the government can eradicate poverty?

6. Rout noun [rout]

a game or contest in which the winner easily defeats the loser by a large amount

◼ Example: Boxing analysts were puzzled by the decision; the game was obviously a rout in favor of Pacqiuao.
◻ Note: The word rout can also be a verb that means to force (someone or something) to move from a place.

7. Wreak verb [reek]

to cause (something very harmful or damaging)

◼ Example: Thunderstorms are sure to wreak havoc on hundreds of homes in the city.
◻ Note: Wreak means to especially cause something trouble; wreck means to destroy something.

8. Contaminate verb [kuhn-tam-uh-neyt]

to make (something) dangerous, dirty, or impure by adding something harmful or undesirable to it

◼ Example: Always make sure you close the jars tightly with a lid so no bacteria can contaminate the water.
◻ Note:
contaminator-noun
contaminative-adjective

9. Exacerbate verb [ig-zas-er-beyt]

to make (a bad situation, a problem, etc.) worse

◼ Example: The increase of primary food products will exacerbate poverty.
◻ Note: Antonyms for the word are calm, comfort, and soothe.

10. Aggravate verb [ag-ruh-veyt]

to make (an injury, problem, etc.) more serious or severe; intensify unpleasantly <problems have been aggravated by neglect>

◼ Example: He aggravated his cough by drinking cold beverages and smoking excessively.
◻ Note: Latin aggravatus, past participle of aggravare to make heavier

Part 2: Exercise 1

Give the word being asked for each number.

◼ Thwart

◼ Disband

◼ Dislodge

◼ Disperse

◼ Eradicate

◼ Rout

◼ Wreak

◼ Contaminate

◼ Exacerbate

◼ Aggravate

______________1. to end an organization or group (such as a club)

______________2. to remove (something) completely : to eliminate or destroy (something harmful)

______________3. to cause (something very harmful or damaging)

______________4. to make (a bad situation, a problem, etc.) worse

______________5. to prevent (someone) from doing something or to stop (something) from happening; to run counter to so as to effectively oppose or baffle

______________6. to go or move in different directions : to spread apart

______________7. to make (an injury, problem, etc.) more serious or severe; intensify unpleasantly

______________8. to forcefully remove (something or someone) from a place or position

______________9. a game or contest in which the winner easily defeats the loser by a large amount

______________10. to make (something) dangerous, dirty, or impure by adding something harmful or undesirable to it

Part 2: Exercise 2

Choose the correct words to complete the sentences below.


1) I decided to pursue the training despite the accident I had earlier; I just bombarded my ankle with pain killers and wrapped it good and tight with a bandage. I’m in so much pain especially now that I ____________ my twisted ankle by bathing immediately after long hours of dancing.

a. aggravated  

b. contaminated    

c. thwarted      

d. exacerbated

2) The policemen did a great job when they started to __________ the crowd as soon as they heard the news that there was a bomb in the building. Everyone was assured of safety as soon as they confirmed that they defused the bomb.

a. aggravate      

b. disperse        

c. contaminate             

d. exacerbate

3) Cancer, especially among kids, is unfair.It takes away so much hope, innocence, and genuine happiness. It can ______not just the patient but everyone else in the family who are in a situation that is very devastating.

a. aggravate

b. wreak      

c. contaminate

d. exacerbate

4) The group lasted for five years. They had a fair share of fame, sold numerous records, walked down red carpets and received numerous awards, which is why I’m wondering whether financial issues made them decide to finally ________.

a. eradicate  

b. rout          

c. disband      

d. Thwart

5) As a meticulous mother, I always make it a point to check if the bottles are sterilized before filling them up with sterilized water, just to make sure it’s not _____________. This is because I believe my child deserves the best, and no parent can bear to see their little one sick or in pain.

a. contaminated

b. eradicated 

c. thwarted        

d. dislodged

6) We always fail to ____________ political dynasties in our country. Every election people make the same mistakes. Perhaps it’s impossible to find a corrupt free candidate or politician, but at least choose someone who is a lesser evil.

a. dislodge      

b. eradicate

c. rout

d. contaminate

7) The class spent so much effort in having every concerned parent, other students, and other educators sign the petition against the annual increase of tuition fees. The class finally succeeded in _________ the increase of tuition fee for the next school year.

a. thwarting       

b. disbanding      

c. exacerbating      

d. routing

8) It is best to keep our mouths shut if a problem arises that does not concern us, because sometimes unsolicited advice and suggestions will only __________ other people’s problem. However, if the problem becomes a heated physical fight, then we should start taking action.

a. disperse      

b. dislodge

c. disband      

d. exacerbate

9) The final game packed the stadium with fans of both teams and everyone was actively cheering for their teams. Bulls’ fans were very pleased that the first 3 quarters were in their favor, unfortunately, the game suddenly changed in the 4th quarter. It became a __________ in favor of Dallas.

a. disperse      

b. dislodge        

c. wreak      

d. rout

10) I had to call the nurse after noticing that a slight amount of blood was flowing back to the IV line coming from my son’s hand. The nurse explained that it was probably because the child was so restless, which caused the IV needle to ________ and blood started to flow through the IV line. She then immediately fixed the situation, and everything was well again.

a. dislodge

b. rout  

c. disperse      

d. wreak