17：英検対策1級（Eiken Grade 1）

27: Eiken Grade 1 Vocabularies Lesson 27

Part 1: Vocabulary words

1. Lethargic adjective [luh-thahr-jik]

lacking in alertness or activity; not physically or mentally active

◼ Example: Illness confined him to bed and forced him to have a lethargic lifestyle.
◻ Note: Some related words for the word ‘lethargic’ are lazy, unenergetic and inactive.

2. Subdued adjective [suhb-dood, -dyood]

controlled by force or persuasion; inhibited; lowered in strength; quiet or muted or gentle

◼ Example: She gave out a subdued cry when she found out about her father’s death.
◻ Note: Is it easy for you to be subdued after a very heated argument?

3. Tepid adjective [tep-id]

lacking in force, enthusiasm, or emotional warmth

◼ Example: He used to be a well-known poet, but now he writes only tepid prose.
◻ Note: This word can also mean ‘lukewarm’.

4. Gullible adjective [guhl-uh-buhl]

deceived, tricked, cheated, taken easily

◼ Example: Her colleagues always make fun of her because she’s such a gullible young lady.
◻ Note: Have you ever been a victim of any trickeries or scams because you’re too gullible?

5. Imprudent adjective [im-prood-nt]

not cautious; not wise; lacks discretion

◼ Example: No matter how stringent the implementation of traffic rules and regulations is, it’s still useless with the imprudent use of roads and streets.
◻ Note: Imprudent and impudent are two different words. 'Impudent' means not showing due respect for another person.

6. Heedless adjective [heed-lis]

unmindful, careless, thoughtless; paying little attention

◼ Example: Heedless of the danger, the child crossed the street.
◻ Note: The opposite words of heedless are cautious and heedful.

7. Inadvertently adverb [in-uhd-vur-tnt-lee]

without intention; accidentally

◼ Example: I inadvertently locked the door with the key left inside the house.
◻ Note: Have you ever done anything inadvertently? What happened?

8. Haphazardly adverb [hap-haz-erd-lee]

done or happened by chance or casually or in a random manner; without care

◼ Example: Conclusions based on data that were haphazardly gathered cannot be accepted.
◻ Note: Why is it not good to do a task haphazardly?

9. Gaudy adjective [gaw-dee]

showy in an excessive, flashy or tasteless way

◼ Example: A group of gypsies wearing gaudy and colorful clothing attracted the attention of the villagers.
◻ Note: What can you say about gaudy fashion?

10. Flamboyantly adverb [flam-boi-uhnt-lee]

in a fancy, bold, brilliant, extravagant manner

◼ Example: She’s always the center of attention at every event she attends because she dresses up flamboyantly all the time.
◻ Note: Do you know anyone who dresses up or talks flamboyantly?

Part 2: Exercise 1

Give the word being asked for each number.

◼ lethargic

◼ subdued

◼ tepid

◼ gullible

◼ imprudent

◼ heedless

◼ inadvertently

◼ haphazardly

◼ gaudy

◼ flamboyantly

__________ 1. done or happened by chance or casually or in a random manner; without care

__________ 2. unmindful, careless, thoughtless; paying little attention

__________ 3. deceived, tricked, cheated, taken easily

__________ 4. showy in an excessive, flashy or tasteless way

__________ 5. lacking in alertness or activity; not physically or mentally active

__________ 6. in a fancy, bold, brilliant, extravagant manner

__________ 7. controlled by force or persuasion; inhibited; lowered in strength; quiet or muted or gentle

__________ 8. without intention; accidentally

__________ 9. lacking in force , enthusiasm, or emotional warmth

__________ 10. not cautious; not wise; lacks discretion

Part 2: Exercise 2

Choose the correct words to complete the sentences below.

1) A bank has a grave responsibility to its shareholders to be cautious in lending money since the sub-prime problems and the consequent global financial crisis stemmed from ____________ lending by banks all over the globe.

a. flamboyant

b. gullible

c. lethargic

d. imprudent

2) Game consoles contain high levels of toxic chemicals that are more dangerous when they are thrown away and become electronic waste. Since many products that are shipped to developing countries are ______________ dismantled, there’s a higher tendency for toxins to seep into the environment.

a. haphazardly

b. lethargic

c. flamboyantly

d. imprudent

3) Whitney Houston’s comeback performance was disappointing and was received with ______________ applause. It seems like they can’t take a frail show from her since she’s known to be one of the best performers in the music industry.

a. tepid

b. gaudy 　　　　　

c. lethargic

d. flamboyant

4) Bullfrogs are said to be __________ on the first cold nights. Some of them just sit outside in a pond without any movements at all. Eventually, the frogs will start getting in and floating and sleeping at the bottom.

a. tepid 　

b. lethargic

c. gaudy

d. gullible

5) The commander had to pre-maturely abort the operation when the other battalion ___________ attacked the enemies. Many young soldiers died and were injured due to the heedless move they made.

a. subdued

b. inadvertently

c. gaudily

d. flamboyantly

6) His secret in eluding the authorities for more than a decade is that he managed to shun ___________ displays that attract the attention of the law.

a. tepid

b. subdued

c. gaudy

d. imprudent

7) Adults should be more careful in what they tell their children because their naïve ignorance and innocence make them ___________, which consequently makes them more prone to be victimized by different scams and trickeries.

a. gullible

b. haphazard

c. imprudent

d. subdued

8) The brave fire fighters who came to the rescue of the victims of the 9/11 tragedy were __________ of the dangers that the collapsed buildings posed. They stood true to their oath that they would serve the citizens with compassion, courage, integrity and bravery.

a. heedless

b. inadvertent

c. subdued

d. tepid

9) In the Venetian-themed ball that was hosted by none other than Sir Elton John, all the guests were expected to dress ___________, as the saying “Always dress to impress” suggests. Unexpectedly, the host himself just dressed up in a classic “decorations can be worn” mode.

a. heedless

b. imprudent

c. tepid

d. flamboyantly

10) It was suggested that a grumpily ____________ emotional state sparks creativity, especially for novel writers. After being annoyed or irrationally pissed off, once one becomes sullenly passive, suddenly a stream of new ideas is generated.

a. gaudy

b. subdued

c. gullible

d. tepid