16：英検対策準1級（Eiken Grade Pre-1）

13: Eiken Grade Pre-1 Vocabularies Lesson 13

Part 1: Vocabulary words

1. complex adjective (kuhm-pleks,kom -pleks)

so complicated or intricate as to be hard to understand or deal with

◼ Example: The trial between giant mobile phone manufacturers Samsung and Apple was over a complex matter on patents.
◻ Note: Used as a noun, it means an intricate or complicated association or assemblage of related things, parts, units(e.g. His family is living in a big apartment complex.).

2. potential adjective (puh-ten-shuhl)

possible, as opposed to actual

◼ Example: One of the main advantages of solar thermal power, in addition to the cost benefit, is the potential for power storage.
◻ Note: alternative words are possible, likely and expected

3. temperament noun (tem-per-uh-muhnt, -pruh-muhnt, -per-muhnt)

the combination of mental, physical, and emotional traits of a person

◼ Example: His occasional goals were often real gems and he possessed a temperament that sometimes made him seem much more mature than his years.
◻ Note: from the Latin word temperamentum, which means proper mixture; in medieval theory, it meant a combination of qualities (hot, cold, moist, dry) that determined the nature of an organism

4. poll noun (pohl)

a sampling or collection of opinions on a subject, taken from either a selected or a random group of persons, as for the purpose of analysis

◼ Example: The US 2012 Presidential polls show that President Obama, who is running for reelection, is winning by a slim margin over Republican Matt Romney.
◻ Note: The word was first used in the 1620s to mean collection of votes.

5. inception noun (in-sep-shuhn)

beginning; start; commencement

◼ Example: The UK faced a looming energy deficit due to dwindling gas reserves until the inception of the Greenwire project, which tapped renewable energy, in July of 2012.
◻ Note: not to be confused with conception, which is the state of being conceived or pregnant (e.g. Roman Catholics believe that conception starts when sperm and egg unite in the process called fertilization.)

6. drawback noun (draw-bak)

a hindrance or disadvantage; an undesirable or objectionable feature.

◼ Example: One of the drawbacks of technology, such as the internet, is that we become so dependent on it that most of us cannot do without it.
◻ Note: What do you, or people you know of, think are the drawbacks of not using Nuclear energy?

7. barn noun (bahrn)

a building for storing hay, grain, etc., and often for housing livestock

◼ Example: The business is located in a converted 18th century barn in a courtyard at the back of a farm.
◻ Note: from Old English berern, which means house

8. remnant noun (rem-nuhnt)

a remaining, usually small part, quantity, number, or the like

◼ Example: Black holes are believed to be the remnants of dead stars in the universe.
◻ Note: from Latin word. detinere, which relates to a sense of "confinement"

9. manufacture noun (man-yuh-fak-cher)

the making of goods or wares by manual labor or by machinery, especially on a large scale

◼ Example: Toyota Motor Corporation’s manufacture of a unique range of specialized vehicle products has gained a good reputation worldwide because of its proven good quality for decades.
◻ Note: related words are assembly, industry, and construction

10. testimony noun (tes-tuh-moh-nee, or, especially Brit., -muh-nee)

evidence in support of a fact or statement; proof

◼ Example: Charles A. Graner was an infamous former U.S. Army reservist who was convicted in 2005 of prisoner abuse after soldiers from his unit gave testimonies against him.
◻ Note: from the Latin word testimonium, which means evidence

Part 2: Exercise 1

Give the word being asked for each number.

◼ Complex

◼ Testimony

◼ Manufacture

◼ Remnant

◼ Temperament

◼ Drawback

◼ Potential

◼ Barn

◼ Inception

◼ Poll

_______________ 1. evidence in support of a fact or statement; proof

_______________ 2. a building for storing hay, grain, etc., and often for housing livestock.

_______________ 3. the combination of mental, physical, and emotional traits of a person

_______________ 4. possible, as opposed to actual

_______________ 5. a remaining, usually small part, quantity, number, or the like

_______________ 6. beginning; start; commencement

_______________ 7. a sampling or collection of opinions on a subject, taken from either a selected or a random group of persons, as for the purpose of analysis

_______________ 8. a hindrance or disadvantage; an undesirable or objectionable feature

_______________ 9. so complicated or intricate as to be hard to understand or deal with

______________10. the making of goods or wares by manual labor or by machinery, especially on a large scale

Part 2: Exercise 2

Choose the correct words to complete the sentences below.

1) Scientist are faced with major ______________of the use of solar energy - that the sun only shines for half a day and there is not any really good way to store it up during the day to use it at night.

a. Testimonies

b. Drawbacks

c. Polls

d. Complex

2) Throughout American history, farmers have built _________ to shelter their livestock and store their harvest. In the old times, cedar planks were used to build them because they could easily rip long lengths of cedar with a simple tool.

a. Remnants

b. Temperaments

c. Barns

d. Polls

3) All efforts have been exerted in studying the life cycle of some jellyfish; however, their _________ life cycles make it hard for Marine Biologists to save them from extinction.

a. Inception

b. Testimony 　　　　　

c. Barn

d. Complex

4) Debris of destroyed bridges, collapsed buildings, and cars that washed ashore are just a few of the _________ left by the 2011 tsunami and earthquake that hit Japan. Some even say that it’s possible for them to reach the Hawaiian shores after a few years. .

a. Barns

b. Inceptions

c. Temperaments

d. Remnants

5) Results of the Asahi _________ shows that 47% of Japanese give top priority to nuclear energy issues, rivaling perennial concerns about the economy and social security.

a. Poll

b. Temperament

c. Drawback

d. Potential

6) Since the _________ of the European economic recession, the Greek government revealed that it might not be able to honor its debts, sending a wave of panic throughout the European market.

a. Testimony

b. Inception

c. Temperament

d. Poll

7) The Chinese had unpredictable _________ against the Japanese over the disputed Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands, which are believed to be on top of vast oil and gas resources.

a. Polls

b. Potentials

c. Temperaments

d. Remnants

8) The _________ war between the Philippines and China over the disputed Spratly Islands is not supported by the USA. America encourages the two countries to settle the conflict on their own in the most peaceful manner.

a. Complex

b. Potential

c. Manufacture

d. Testimony

9) The Commission on Elections (Comelec) on Wednesday said it has 10 more _________ to be released to the media to bolster its case against former Philippine president Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo for electoral sabotage and corruption.

a. Potentials

b. Remnants

c. Testimonies

d. Polls

10) Apple’s _________ of the iPhone 5 was designed to compete with its biggest rival’s product, the Samsung Galaxy SIII. As expected, it hit the market big because of its new and exciting features.

a. Poll

b. Manufacture

c. Complex

d. Testimony