17：英検対策1級（Eiken Grade 1）

25: Eiken Grade 1 Vocabularies Lesson 25

Part 1: Vocabulary words

1. Encrypt verb [en-kript]

to encode something or to write or say something in a manner intended to obstruct its meaning and keep its contents secret.

◼ Example: It is best to encrypt passwords to prevent other parties accessing important information.
◻ Note: The first known use of the word was in the year 1994.

2. Exonerate verb [ig-zon-uh-reyt]

to prove that someone is not guilty of a crime or responsible for a problem, bad situation, etc.

◼ Example: The judge will exonerate the suspect from all charges, if proven not guilty.
◻ Note: Exonerate is literally 'to free from a burden'.

3. Fetter verb [fet-er]

- to prevent (someone or something) from moving or acting freely
- to hold something back or to bind

◼ Example: I admit to fettering the implementation of new rules and regulations, due to my opposing beliefs.
◻ Note: A manacle (handcuff shackle) comes from the Latin word manus 'hand'; the ankle counterpart is fetter.

4. Gloat verb [gloht]

to brag or to have a feeling of self-satisfaction

◼ Example: Some people can be cruel and gloat about the misfortunes of other people.
◻ Note: Words that mean the opposite of the word gloat are be sad, commiserate, and sympathize.

5. Haggle verb [hag-uhl]

to bargain on a price, or to hack at something

◼ Example: I will definitely haggle over those shoes being sold at a garage sale near our house.
◻ Note: What are you willing to haggle for?

6. Alienate verb [eyl-yuh-neyt]

to be unfriendly, hostile, or indifferent towards, especially where attachment formerly existed

◼ Example: Can you stand to alienate your own brother, just because he broke your mobile phone?
◻ Note: The word alienate can also mean to convey or transfer (as property or a right) usually by a specific act rather than the due course of law.

7. Shun verb [shuhn]

to ignore, avoid or reject someone or something

◼ Example: Why do you shun your parents? I think you are being disrespectful.
◻ Note: Antonyms for the word shun are accept, face, and meet.

8. Dissuade verb [dih-sweyd]

to dissuade is to try to talk someone out of something or to convince someone not to do or believe something.

◼ Example: I think it’s impossible for you to dissuade his decision to leave the town for his dream.
◻ Note: When will you dissuade a person’s decision?

9. Admonish verb [ad-mon-ish]

- to let someone know that you are not happy with his or her actions.
- to express warning or disapproval to, especially in a gentle, earnest, or solicitous manner

◼ Example: I had to admonish her unreasonable reaction during breakfast; it was very disrespectful of her to talk back.
◻ Note: Will you immediately admonish your children without asking them first what really happened?

10. Slam noun [slam]

an act of closing something in a forceful way that makes a loud noise — usually singular

◼ Example: I heard the slam of a car door from the parking lot.
◻ Note: The word slam can also mean a competition in which people read their poetry out loud so that it can be judged by other people.

Part 2: Exercise 1

Give the word being asked for each number.

◼ Encrypt

◼ Exonerate

◼ Fetter

◼ Gloat

◼ Haggle

◼ Alienate

◼ Shun

◼ Dissuade

◼ Admonish

◼ Slam

______________1. to prove that someone is not guilty of a crime or responsible for a problem, bad situation, etc.

______________2. to be unfriendly, hostile, or indifferent towards, especially where attachment formerly existed

______________3. an act of closing something in a forceful way that makes a loud noise — usually singular

______________4. to brag or to have a feeling of self-satisfaction.

______________5. to try to talk someone out of something or to convince someone not to do or believe something

______________6. to let someone know that you are not happy with his or her actions

______________7. to bargain on a price, or to hack at something

______________8. to encode something or to write or say something in a manner intended to obstruct its meaning and keep its contents secret.

______________9. to ignore, avoid or reject someone or something

______________10. to prevent (someone or something) from moving or acting freely; to hold something back or to bind

Part 2: Exercise 2

Choose the correct words to complete the sentences below.

1) Are you the type to immediately ___________ someone who is strongly accused of committing a crime? Or will you wait and let due process take care of it? Or are you the type to fight for what you believe is morally right?

a. exonerate

b. heave

c. haggle

d. slam

2) If you want it, you’d better _______ hard on the price of that dream house of yours. It does not make you less of a person if you bargain for something; I personally brag about getting good bargains this holiday season so I can get everyone a gift.

a. dissuade

b. haggle

c. gloat

d. admonish

3) I failed to _______ her from going to the party last night, and now I have to answer for her tardiness at school. Sometimes, it’s really hard to answer for your sibling’s mistake. In my case, I have no option because we belong to the same class.

a. gloat

b. slam 　　　　　

c. dissuade

d. encrypt

4) I can’t stop _______ about our winning this year’s cheer dance competition. It’s total bliss when you finally claim victory, especially if you’ve trained so hard and committed yourself to it. Finally after five years of placing either 2nd or 3rd place, we did it this time.

a. encrypting 　

b. alienating

c. fettering

d. gloating

5) The rate of tardiness has been very alarming. It is right to _________ the class about attendance and tardiness. Their records have shown alarming results in which 60% of the students are consistently tardy every week.

a. fetter

b. alienate

c. slam

d. admonish

6) Whatever caused you to ______ your brother, I still think you should talk, understand and patch things up. I just hope you both learn to admit your shortcomings, and learn to compromise. Prolonged disagreements are never helpful in building a strong family.

a. fetter

b. shun

c. haggle

d. gloat

7) Your consistent bad temper never fails to ___________ you from co-workers. I suggest that you tone down a little and be more mature in handling your emotions. Through this, you can ease up the tension at work.

a. dissuade

b. alienate

c. slam

d. fetter

8) My teenage daughter ___________ the door in response to my disapproval of her going out of town this weekend with her friend alone. I somehow feel bad about it, but still I don’t think it’s safe for them to go on their own without a guardian.

a. gloated

b. shunned

c. slammed

d. exonerated

9) These heavy shackles will surely _______ him from walking around. Authorities keep them on even when the prisoners are out on the field. This is to make sure that none of the prisoners will even attempt to escape.

a. fetter

b. exonerate

c. shun

d. slam

10) Cases of tampering with important information went up this month. The IT department thought to ________ the transmissions digitally to secure confidential information. We will do a pre and post survey regarding this issue to check the effectiveness of the newly implemented method.

a. encrypt

b. slam

c. fetter

d. alienate