17：英検対策1級（Eiken Grade 1）

42: Eiken Grade 1 Vocabularies Lesson 42

Part 1: Vocabulary words

1. Concussion noun [kuhn-kuhsh-uhn]

an Injury of the brain or spinal cord which was caused by the impact of a collision, blow, etc.

◼ Example: The victim suffered a concussion and a dislocated bone in his shoulder in the attack of the robber.
◻ Note: It also means the act of violently shaking or jarring.

2. Blister noun [blis-ter]

a swelling, as a small bubble-like elevation of the skin, that has watery fluid or serum which is caused by burning or irritation

◼ Example: The straps of Flip-flops rub as a person who is wearing the walks, which produces friction that leads to blisters.
◻ Note: In slang, a blister means an irritating person.

3. Prognosis noun [prog-noh-sis]

the prediction of a possible outcome or development of something, especially of a disease and the chances of recovery

◼ Example: The doctor’s prognosis was that he might walk again in nine months.
◻ Note: The word prognosis in Latin from Greek means knowledge beforehand. The prefix pro- in the medicine dictionary means before.

4. Penchant noun [pen-chuhnt]

a definite liking; a strong inclination, taste or liking for something

◼ Example: Both women and men display a penchant for playing sports.
◻ Note: Idioms & Phrases: have a penchant for;
have a tendency or taste for. For example, he has a penchant for telling secrets.

5. Propensity noun [pruh-pen-si-tee]

a tendency or general inclination, a tendency to behave in a certain way

◼ Example: The lack of communication increases the propensity for mobile companies to push products they consider as best for themselves, rather than being what their customers want.
◻ Note: Do you have a propensity of saying wrong things?

6. Savor noun [sey-ver]

to have a particular taste or smell of something; power to excite, get enjoyment from, take pleasure, joy or interest in

◼ Example: Two stunning weeks of the Olympic Games have finally come to an end yesterday, leaving us with many moments to savor.

7. Banter noun [ban-ter]

an exchange of light teasing remarks, good-humored

◼ Example: In some countries, it is a taboo to mention ethnicity. Some banter about it would be careless talk that could land you in a jail.
◻ Note: Have you ever been pissed off someone’s banter?

8. Jest noun [jest]

a joke or witty remark; a playful act to amuse someone

◼ Example: Sigmund Freud thought that jokework by converting anxiety into pleasure. He recalled the jest made by a sick man who died more at ease and with a smile.
◻ Note: Do you know any popular jests in your country?

9. Animosity noun [an-uh-mos-i-tee]

a strong feeling of dislike, bitter hostility or active hatred against someone or something

◼ Example: He can’t bear any animosity against the pilots of the plane that crashed, which killed his brother. He thinks that they were only doing their job, the same as his brother.
◻ Note: Do you think people always regard their rivals with animosity?

10. Aversion noun [uh-vur-zhuhn, -shuhn]

an intense feeling of dislike, extreme hatred

◼ Example: He has a strong aversion to crowded places.
◻ Note: Medical Dictionary: aversion means a fixed intense dislike, or avoiding a thing, situation, or behavior because it has been related with an unpleasant or painful stimulus.

Part 2: Exercise 1

Give the word being asked for each number.

◼ concussion

◼ blister

◼ prognosis

◼ penchant

◼ propensity

◼ savor

◼ banter

◼ jest

◼ animosity

◼ aversion

____________________1. the prediction of possible outcome or development of something, especially of a disease and chances of recovery

____________________2. a definite liking; a strong inclination, taste or liking for something

____________________3. a particular taste or smell of something; power to excite, get enjoyment from, take pleasure, joy or interest in

____________________4. a strong feeling of dislike, bitter hostility or active hatred against someone or something

____________________5. an Injury of the brain or spinal cord, which was caused by the impact of a collision, blow, etc.

____________________6. an exchange of light teasing remarks, good-humored

____________________7. a swelling, as a small bubble-like elevation of the skin, that has watery fluid or serum which is caused by burning or irritation

____________________8. an intense feeling of dislike, extreme hatred

____________________9. a joke or witty remark; a playful act to amuse someone

____________________10. a tendency or general inclination, a tendency to behave in a certain way

Part 2: Exercise 2

Choose the correct words to complete the sentences below.

1) The camera man of a popular broadcasting company was filming some people who were protesting against the demolition of their houses when the protesters beat him up. He had a severe _____________, a broken rib and an eye injury. The case was then reported to police.

a. propensity

b. penchant

c. recovery

d. concussion

2) The popularity of laser hair removal treatment was on the rise. However, there are many people who worry over regulation of laser hair removal treatment because a lot of people were treated with the wrong lasers and settings. It caused burns and _____________.

a. concussion

b. savor

c. blisters

d. aversion

3) The __________ for children with an advanced stage of tuberculosis meningitis is usually not good. According to doctors, fifty percent of them will die from the disease and the other fifty percent will suffer from severe brain damage.

a. prognosis

b. animosity 　　　　　

c. diagnosis

d. banter

4) The tennis champion went to his home country yesterday to____________ his victory. Many people are very proud of him. The country celebrated with him by having a huge victory party where a lot of local people, famous celebrities and politicians joined.

a. blister　　　　　

b. jest 　　　　　

c. banter　　　　

d. savor

5) According to a popular critic, lynching is not a word to be mentioned in ______________. He thinks that lynching jokes are absolutely offensive. As a civil society, the people in America should think the same way.

a. blister　　　　

b. jest　　　　　

c. banter　　　　　

d. savor

6) As the costs of cigarettes increase, smoking in this country becomes more exclusive. That means only people who can afford to smoke tend to be the people who can afford to spend more money, which also shows status in society. Hence, their _____________ for cigars starts.

a. hatred　　　　

b. penchant　　　　

c. aversion 　　　　　

d. animosity

7) Mr. Smith is known for his humor and ________________ with reporters; however, some people also criticized him for playing favorites among the press people. They said he would be very strict and sometimes sensitive to others while he would be very kind and accommodating to only those he liked.

a. penchant　　　　　

b. prognosis

c. concussion　　　　　

d. banter

8) The authorities are still investigating all the possible reasons for the attacks. Some factors they consider are the disagreements and _______________ between the alleged suspect and the victim.

a. savor　　　　　

b. penchants　　　　

c. predilection　　　　　

d. animosity

9) For a South African leader, a responsible leadership requires guidance, understanding, the ability to understand how people feel, and the maturity to understand the impact or effect of every word you say, whether in song, or in ______________, whatever way. According to him, every word a leader utters is important.

a. savor　　　

b. penchants 　　　　　

c. predilection 　　　　　

d. jest

10) In spite of their government's _____________ to almost all Western things, the young consumers of the country who are the greatest in number can't seem to get enough of Western brand names.

a. savor　　　　　

b. penchants　　　　　

c. aversion 　　　　　

d. prognosis